Quoting and Authority

Quoting and Authority Territorial Limit of a Country

Two-thirds of Indonesia such as water, and 90% of water is the sea. Indonesian sea area is very wide, so many efforts made to maintain and manage. Sea zone and / or region of the Indonesian sea can be divided into three, namely:

Territorial Sea Zone

Zone territorial sea is the delusion that the distance of 12 nautical miles from the base line to the high seas. A country has the right to full sovereignty territorial sea limit the obligation to provide a peaceful flow of sea traffic both above and below the sea surface.

Zone base continent

Zone continent is the basic foundation of the marine geological and morphology is a continuation of a continent (continent), marine depths less than 150 meters and Bats base line measured from the continent that is most remote base 200 nautical miles. The basic line is the delusion that the dots from the tip-end of the island.

Exclusive Economic Zone

Exclusive Economic Zone is the sea selebar 200 nautical miles kea rah open line measured from the base. In this zone, the countries have the opportunity to take advantage of the natural resources that are in it. But does not prohibit the freedom of international shipping and aviation and the freedom of the cables and pipes beneath the sea that is based on the principles of international law applicable.

From the third zone have the same, namely, when there are two or more countries of the zone is the territorial ditari line equidistant from each country.

Subject International Law

Subject International Law

Subject of international law defined as the owner, holder or bearer to support the rights and obligations under international law. At the beginning of the beginning of the birth and growth of international law, only negaralah which is seen as a subject of international law. These subject-the subject of international law recognized by the international community, are:

a. Country

State law is a technical concept which is an organization that can carry the power of international relations in achieving goals together. In addition, the state is an entity that can be claimed or demanded in the relationship because the country has a tool relations in the country and overseas relations tool. According to the 1949 Montevideo Convention, a country qualifies as called for in the private international law are:


1. residents who remain
2. ability to conduct relations with other countries
3. region
4. government

b. International Organizations

Classification of international organizations according to Theodore A Couloumbis and James H. Wolfe:


{International organization that has a global membership with the intent and purpose of a public, for example, is the United Nations;}

{International organization that has a global membership with the intent and purpose of a specific example is the World Bank, UNESCO, International Monetary Fund, International Labor Organization.}

{International membership organization with the purpose of regional and global goals, including: Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), Europe Union.}

c. International Red Cross

International Red Cross (International Committee of the Red Cross / ICRC) in Geneva, Switzerland. International Red Cross is one of the only type of international organization, but because the existence of the International Red Cross in the relations and international law to be very unique and in addition is also a very strategic, the Red Cross is considered to be Interasional Subject International Law.

d. Vatican Holy Throne

Throne at the Vatican Holy akui as the subject of international law based on treaties Lateran on 11 February 1929, between the Government of Italy and the Holy Throne of the Vatican delegation at the Rome sebidang land. Duties and authority of the Holy Throne of State Vatican does not, but a spiritual and humanitarian fields. So it only has a moral force only.

e. Nation of (belligerent)

The belligerensi initially appear as a result of problems in the country a sovereign state. Therefore, the settlement of the sole of the country's affairs. However, when the armed rebellion is growing and even extended to other countries, then one of the attitudes that can be taken by the International is the world recognize the existence of the rebels or to receive as a personal stand on its own.

f. Individuals

Growth and development of rule-rule of international law that gives rights and obligations of a burden and responsibility directly to the individual growing rapidly. Birth of the Universal Declaration of Human rights followed by the birth of some conventions of human rights in various countries. This reinforces the existence of individuals as subjects of international law an independent.

Introduction to International Law

The International Law

International law has a term for a variety of different approach one another, the term commonly used is the International Law। International law is a set of rules of law, whether written or not maintained by the international community According to Susilo Prajogo in International Law Dictionary and Indonesia, the International Law is "a set of principles and rules of the country obligations, international organizations and human relations in the world supportFootnotes.

In general International Law consists of:

{Civil law is the International kaedah whole basis of law and the civil relationship that crosses state boundaries or the law that regulates private law relationships between the perpetrators of the law of each subject to the civil law of different national (international relations)}.

{Public Law Internasonal is the overall rule of law and the principle of the relationship or the issue of cross border state of international relations that are not civil (the relationship between the State)}.

International public law is different from the International Civil Law, is located on the difference between the object and the introduction of legal jurisdiction over the act, people and objects or the nature of legal issues that diaturnya or (object). Persamaannya is that they set or relationship issues that cross state boundaries (international).